123.130.221.191：建立内容为“{{Taxobox | name = 絮状表皮癣菌 | status = | image = Epidermophyton floccosum 01.jpg | image_width = 240px | image_caption = 絮状表皮癣菌 | regnum = […”的新页面

2021-07-21T16:40:57Z

建立内容为“{{Taxobox | name = 絮状表皮癣菌 | status = | image = Epidermophyton floccosum 01.jpg | image_width = 240px | image_caption = 絮状表皮癣菌 | regnum = […”的新页面

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{{Taxobox
| name = 絮状表皮癣菌
| status =
| image = Epidermophyton floccosum 01.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = 絮状表皮癣菌
| regnum = [[真菌界]] Fungi
| phylum = [[子囊菌门]] Ascomycota
| classis = [[散囊菌纲]] Eurotiomycetes
| ordo = [[爪甲团囊菌目]] Onygenales
| familia = [[裸囊菌科]] Arthrodermataceae
| genus = [[表皮癣菌属]] ''Epidermophyton''
| genus_authority=Link ex Steudel, 1824<ref name="doctorfungus">{{cite web|url=http://www.doctorfungus.org/thefungi/epidermophyton.php|title=Epidermophyton spp.|publisher=doctor fungus}}</ref>
| species = '''絮状表皮癣菌''' '''''E. floccosum'''''
| binomial = ''Epidermophyton floccosum''
| binomial_authority = (Harz) Langeron & Miloch.
| synonyms = ''Acrothecium floccosum'' Harz 
''Blastotrichum floccosum'' (Harz) Berl. & Voglino 
''Dactylium floccosum'' (Harz) Sartory
}}
'''絮状表皮癣菌'''（[[学名]]：''Epidermophyton floccosum''）是一种全球常见的[[真菌]]，能[[感染]]人体，造成[[真菌病#分类#皮肤感染|皮肤感染]]<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.mycology.adelaide.edu.au/Fungal_Descriptions/Dermatophytes/Epidermophyton/ | title = Epidermophyton floccosum | accessdate = 2010-05-22 | work = Mycology Online}}</ref>。

==分类==

絮状表皮癣菌最初于1870年由Carl Otto Harz描述，并将其命名为''Acrothecium floccosum''<ref>{{cite journal |author=Harz OC. |year=1870 |title=Einige neue Hyphomyceten Berlin's and Wien's nebst Beiträgen zur Systematik derselben |journal= Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou |volume=44 |pages=87–147 |language=German }}</ref>，1907年被重新命名为''Blastotrichum floccosum''，最后在1923年由Ota与Langeron定为现名（''Epidermophyton floccosum''）<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ota M, Langeron M. |year=1923 |title=Nouvelle classification des Dermatophytes |journal=Annals of Parasitology |volume=1 |pages=305–306 |language=French}}</ref>。

==描述==

絮状表皮癣菌的生长速度中等，约在10天后发育成熟，组织由最初的平坦粒状逐渐发展为带沟纹且光滑的放射状，颜色为黄、黄棕或[[橄榄]]色<ref>{{cite journal | title = http://www.cmpt.ca/pdf_mycology_2008/mp_0801_2_epfl_nail.pdf | journal = CMPT Mycology Plus | date = January 2008| accessdate = 2010-05-22}}</ref><ref name="doctorfungus"></ref>。与其他[[皮肤真菌]]不同，絮状表皮癣菌会分泌一种称为1(3),2-diacylglyceryl-3(1)-O-4′-(N,N,N-trimethyl)homoserine的[[脂类]]，功能不明<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1016/0005-2760(79)90239-X | title = An unusual lipid in the human pathogenic fungus Epidermophyton floccosum | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism | first1 = T | date = 1979-09-28 | last = Tomiyasu Yamada and Yoshinori Nozawa | volume = 574 | issue = 3 | pages = 433–439| id = | url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T1X-47G2PG4-60&_user=10&_coverDate=09%2F28%2F1979&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1344606088&_rerunOrigin=google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=81a59da924fe1788a4843a5058f71f71 | accessdate = 2010-05-22}}</ref> 。絮状表皮癣菌和其他[[表皮]]癣菌一样缺乏小[[分生孢子]]，其大分生孢子一端为梨形，另一端为圆形，大小约为10-40乘6-12微米<ref name=Nail />。

==感染==

絮状表皮癣菌是表皮癣菌属的两种真菌中唯一会对人类造成感染的，[[宿主]]可为人类、[[野生动物]]或宠物，但偏好人类<ref name=MSD>{{cite web | url = http://www.msdsonline.com/CustomerSupport/Disease-MSDS/MSDSEpidermophytonFloccosum.aspx | title = Infectious Diseases: ''Epidermophyton floccosum'', ''Microsporum'' spp., ''Trichophyton'' spp. | accessdate = 2010-05-22 | work = MSD Online}}</ref> 。可对[[皮肤]]与[[指甲]]造成感染，造成[[足癣]]、[[体癣]]、[[股癣]]或[[甲癣]]，可透过接触性感染，特别是在体育馆或澡堂中<ref name="doctorfungus"></ref>。絮状表皮癣菌的感染可透过浸泡肥皂水或适当的[[抗真菌剂]]（[[发癣退]]或[[咪唑]]）治疗<ref name=MSD />。根据韩国一项对900名絮状表皮癣菌从1976年持续到1997年的研究，感染絮状表皮癣菌的人没有感染其他[[皮霉癣菌]]的人多<ref>{{cite journal | title = The Epidemiologic Study on ''Epidermophyton floccosum'' (1976–1997) | journal = Korean Journal of Medical Mycology | date = 1999-06-04 | volume = 1 | issue = 21–26| id = | url = http://www.koreamed.org/SearchBasic.php?RID=656436&DT=1&QY=%22Korean+J+Med+Mycol%22+%5BJTI%5D++AND+1999+%5BDPY%5D+AND+Jun+%5BDPM%5Dd.org/SearchBasic.php?RID=656436&DT=1&QY=%22Korean+J+Med+Mycol%22+%5BJTI%5D++AND+1999+%5BDPY%5D+AND+Jun+%5BDPM%5D |accessdate = 2010-05-22}}</ref>。絮状表皮癣菌可在人类与[[松鼠]]间交互传染<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Hosseininejad | first1 = M. | last2 = Ebrahimi | first2 = A. | last3 = Hosseini | first3 = F. | title = Isolation of ''Epidermophyton floccosum'' from a Persian squirrel (''Sciurus anomalus'') | journal = Comparative Clinical Pathology | volume = 19 | issue = 2 | pages = 215–216 | year = 2009| doi = 10.1007/s00580-009-0829-4 | url = http://www.springerlink.com/content/8552251320242u22/ | accessdate = 2010-05-22}}</ref>。

絮状表皮癣菌通常只能感染角质组织，而没有感染活组织的能力<ref name=Nail>{{cite web | url = http://qurnail.com/Epidermophyton.html | title = Epidermophyton | accessdate = 2010-05-22 | work = QurNail}}</ref>，但有研究指出絮状表皮癣菌感染了一名[[免疫失调]]的[[贝赛特氏症]]患者，且造成了侵入性感染<ref name=doctorfungus /><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Seddon | first1 = ME | last2 = Thomas | first2 = MG | title = Invasive disease due to Epidermophyton floccosum in an immunocompromised patient with Behçet's syndrome. | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases | volume = 25 | issue = 1 | pages = 153–4 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9243051 }}</ref>。

==参考资料==

<references/>

{{真菌病}}
{{真菌分类}}

[[Category:裸囊菌科]] [[Category:寄生性真菌]] [[Category:真菌性疾病]]
==参考来源==
*[http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%AE%E7%8B%80%E8%A1%A8%E7%9A%AE%E7%99%AC%E8%8F%8C 维基百科-絮狀表皮癬菌]

絮状表皮癣菌 - 版本历史

123.130.221.191：建立内容为“{{Taxobox | name = 絮状表皮癣菌 | status = | image = Epidermophyton floccosum 01.jpg | image_width = 240px | image_caption = 絮状表皮癣菌 | regnum = […”的新页面